Table 2.
Clinical and microbiological pneumonia in 229 study patients
| Supine | Semi-recumbent | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 112) | (n = 117) | |||
| Patients with clinical diagnosis of pneumonia | 26 (23.2%) | 29 (24.8%) | 0.92 (0.48–1.76) | 0.78 |
| Patients with microbiological diagnosis of pneumonia | 19 (17.0%) | 26 (22.2%) | 0.72 (0.35–1.45) | 0.32 |
| Organisms isolateda | ||||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 8 | 11 | ||
| Klebsiella spp. | 10 (1) | 11 (1) | ||
| Acinetobacter spp. | 9 (1) | 9 | ||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 3 | 3 | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | 3 | 1 | ||
| Haemophilus influenzae | 1 | 0 | ||
| Patients who developed HCAP2 (>48 h after admission to hospital) | 22/106 (20.8%) | 26/104 (25.0%) | 0.79 (0.39–1.57) | 0.46 |
| Patients with a tracheostomy who developed HCAP | 22/49 (44.9%) | 26/59 (44.1%) | 1.03 (0.45–2.38) | 0.93 |
| Ventilated patients who developed HCAP | 21/37 (56.8%) | 24/44 (54.5%) | 1.09 (0.41–2.90) | 0.84 |
| HCAP rate/1000 ICU days | 13.9 | 14.6 | 0.48 | |
| HCAP rate/1000 ventilated days | 39.2 | 38.1 | 0.72 | |
| Mean (range) cost of antimicrobials for pneumonia treatment (US$/patient) | 228 (56–611) | 215 (9–933) | 0.84 | |
Data are number (%) unless otherwise indicated.
HCAP: healthcare-associated pneumonia; ICU: intensive care unit.
a
Organisms isolated from blood, or from the non-bronchoscopic lavage (≥105 CFU/ml). Number in parentheses refers to the isolation of the organism from blood culture.