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| Appearance | Chromatophore | Physical Principle | Color Change Mechanism |
| brown/black | melanophore | absorption | pigment translocation |
| yellow/orange | xanthophore | absorption/reflection | |
| red | erythrophore | absorption/reflection | |
| blue | cyanophore | absorption/reflection | |
| blue | iridophore | thin film interference (structural color) | change in configuration of guanine platelet units |
| silver | iridophore | refraction | |
| white | leukophore | scatter | – |
