. 2011 Nov 3;470(7):1885–1894. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-2155-9

Table 3.

Observational results of the modular components

Style	Number	Average time in situ (months)	Junction	Head type	Corrosion severity (number)					Fretting %		Cold welding (number)
Style	Number	Average time in situ (months)	Junction	Head type	0	1	2	3	4	Yes	No	Cold welding (number)
Bionik^®	4	20	Neck-head	Co-Cr-Mo	2	2				67	33
			Neck-stem						4	100	0
GMRS^®*	4	15	Neck-head	Co-Cr-Mo	3	1				0	100
			Stem proximal		1	2		1		50	50
			Stem distal		1	1			1	67	33
Margron^®	22	31	Neck-head	21 Al₂O₃ 1 Co-Cr-Mo	13	7	1	1		36	64
			Neck-stem		10	4	2	2	4	55	45
Apex^®	5	8	Neck-head	5 Al₂O₃	5					0	100
			Neck-stem		3	2				40	60	3
M-series^®	5	14	Neck-head	2 Al₂O₃ 3 Co-Cr-Mo	5					0	100
			Neck-stem		2	3	0			60	40	1
S-ROM^®	15	61	Neck-head	2 Al₂O₃ 11 Co-Cr-Mo 2 ZTA	13		2			62	48
			Stem/sleeve		12	3				67	33	2
ZMR^®	2	17	Neck-head	2 Co-Cr-Mo	2					0	100
			Neck-stem		1	1				0	100

* GMRS^® has a head, proximal, and distal taper (Fig. 1); one GMRS^® was revised without removing the distal trunion; ZTA = zirconia-toughened alumina.