Table 2.
Comparison between sc and visceral adipose tissue from high-fat diet-exposed obese mice
| Comparison | Subcutaneous adipose tissue | Visceral adipose tissue |
|---|---|---|
| Morphology (H&E stain)a |  |
 |
| Function | Regulates whole body energy metabolism | Regulates whole body energy metabolism |
| Stores and/or releases lipids during feeding and fasting | Stores and/or releases lipids during feeding and fasting | |
| Secretes various adipokines and chemokines—acts as endocrine organ | Secretes various adipokines and chemokines—acts as endocrine organ | |
| Composition | Adipocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, immune cells, fibroblasts, etc. | Adipocytes, endothelial cells, macrophages, immune cells, fibroblasts, etc. |
| Inflammation | Less inflamed | Increased macrophage infiltration |
| Chronic inflammation | ||
| TNFα, IL-6, CCL2, and PAI-1 ↑ | ||
| Adipokines | Adiponectin ↑ | Adiponectin ↓ |
| Leptin ↑ | Leptin ↑ | |
| Insulin signals | Sensitive | Resistance |
| Hypertrophy | Healthy expansion | Increase adipocyte apoptosis/necrosis |
| Fibrosis | Fibrogenic properties of preadipocytes ↑ (194) | Less fibrotic preadipocytes |
H&E, Hematoxylin and eosin.
a
Scale bars, 100 μm.