Table 1. Characteristics of children with known versus unknown SES trajectories.
| SES Trajectory | |||
| unknown | known | ||
| n = 139 | n = 267 | p3 | |
| Gender (% male) | 54.0 | 55.4 | 0.77 |
| First Nations Ethnicity (% yes) | 35.3 | 16.9 | 0.001 |
| Residence (% rural) | 58.3 | 43.8 | 0.01 |
| Child Overweight (% yes) | 41.0 | 25.8 | 0.001 |
| Child Atopy/Asthma (%) | |||
| Atopic Asthma | 20.1 | 21.7 | 0.60 |
| Atopy, no Asthma | 25.2 | 24.0 | |
| Non-atopic Asthma | 17.3 | 12.7 | |
| Healthy | 37.4 | 41.6 | |
| Anti-Inflammatory Medications (%yes) | 26.6 | 31.5 | 0.31 |
| Mother Allergy/Asthma (% yes) | 48.9 | 63.3 | 0.01 |
| Annual Family Income (%) | |||
| <$50,000 | 32.4 | 24.5 | 0.27 |
| <$80,000 | 34.3 | 35.7 | |
| ≥$80,000 | 33.3 | 39.8 | |
| Older Maternal Siblings (% yes) | 54.0 | 58.0 | 0.45 |
| Birth Weight (% Preterm or SGA) | 21.1 | 18.3 | 0.52 |
| Exclusive Breastfeeding 1 (% yes) | 40.0 | 54.7 | 0.01 |
| Mother Smoked 2 (% yes) | 30.2 | 19.1 | 0.01 |
| Maternal Distress (% yes) | 19.6 | 22.1 | 0.60 |
| Family Size at age 9 (mean) | 4.7 | 4.6 | 0.29 |
| IL-6 (geometric mean, pg/mL) | 1138 | 1097 | 0.74 |
IL-6, interleukin-6; SES, socioeconomic status; SGA, small for gestational age.
IL-6 production induced by LPS treatment of PBMC.
1
Exclusive breastfeeding ≥3 months;
2
Mother smoked during pregnancy and/or first year after birth; 3Comparisons by chi-squared test (categorical variables) or t-test (continuous variables).