Fig 1.
Cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression kinetics in macrophage-like THP-1 cells treated with Stx1. Cells were stimulated with Stx1 (400 ng/ml) for different times. Total RNA was isolated and treated with DNase, and cDNA was synthesized. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed with primers specific for GRO-β, IL-1β, IL-8, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and TNF-α. The relative expression was calculated by using the ΔCT method. The data shown are the mean fold induction ± SEM of three independent experiments. C, untreated control.