Table 1.
Factors found to influence water conservation behaviors in select past research.
| Factor which positively influences water conservation | Study | Behavior measurement A = actual; S = self-reported; E = estimated; I = stated intention |
Format tested S = single variable; M = multiple variable |
|---|---|---|---|
| Involvement in water consumption decisions | Gregory and Di Leo (2003) | A | M |
| Information | Trumbo and O'Keefe (2005) | S | M |
| Dziegielewski (1991) | S | S | |
| Watson et al. (1999) | S | M | |
| Hills et al. (2002) | A | S | |
| Positive attitude to water conservation | Syme et al. (2004) | E | M |
| Murphy et al. (1991) | S | M | |
| Moore et al. (1994) | S | M | |
| Cameron and Wright (1990) | S | M | |
| Ecological beliefs about water (e.g. is a limited resource – using the New Ecological Paradigm Scale) | Corral-Verdugo et al. (2003) | S | M |
| Corral-Verdugo and Frias-Armenta (2006) | S | M | |
| Media interventions | Moore et al. (1994) | S | M |
| Behavioral intention | Murphy et al. (1991) | S | M |
| Watson et al. (1999) | S | M | |
| Moore et al. (1994) | S | M | |
| Knowledge of water conservation related issues | Murphy et al. (1991) | S | M |
| Gregory and Di Leo (2003) | A | M | |
| Moore et al. (1994) | S | M | |
| Hamilton (1985) | A | S | |
| Social norms regarding water conservation | Trumbo and O'Keefe (2005) | S | M |
| Corral-Verdugo et al. (2003) | S | M | |
| Corral-Verdugo and Frias-Armenta (2006) | S | M | |
| Lam (1999) | I | M | |
| Clark and Finley (2007) | I | M | |
| Beliefs regarding human-environment interactions | Corral-Verdugo et al. (2008) | S | M |
| Perception/concern of/about water crisis/drought | Bruvold (1979) | S | M |
| Lam (2006) | S | M | |
| Clark and Finley (2007) | I | M | |
| Awareness about climate change | Clark and Finley (2007) | I | M |
| Habits: fostering low water use | Gregory and Di Leo (2003) | A | M |
| Demographic factors | |||
| Age: older respondents | Miller and Buys (2008) | S | M |
| Clark and Finley (2007) | |||
| Income: lower income respondents | Miller and Buys (2008) | S | M |
| Gregory and Di Leo (2003) | A | M | |
| Corral-Verdugo et al. (2003) | S | M | |
| Education: lower | Clark and Finley (2007) | I | M |
| Not owning a garden | Clark and Finley (2007) | I | M |
| Living in a detached dwelling | Miller and Buys (2008) | S | M |
| Clark and Finley (2007) | I | M | |
| Net annual property value (negative) | Aitken et al. (1991) | A | M |
| Aitken et al. (1994) | A | M | |
| Number of residents per household (negative) | Aitken et al. (1991) | A | M |
| Aitken et al. (1994) | A | M | |
Note: references included in the table are not in the reference list. They are included in the supplementary material available online.