Table 4.
Total raw frequency and proportion of naming errors by group, error type, and target type.
| Error type | Object | Action | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SLI M (SD) |
VM M (SD) |
AM M (SD) |
SLI M (SD) |
VM M (SD) |
AM M (SD) |
|
| Semantic | ||||||
| GAP | 9 | 14 | 8 | 13 | 10 | 10 |
| 0.054 (0.078) | 0.093 (0.061) | 0.080 (0.079) | 0.042 (0.051) | 0.032 (0.058) | 0.064 (0.087) | |
| Coordinate | 34 | 39 | 26 | 50 | 47 | 21 |
| 0.208 (0.082) | 0.248 (0.104) | 0.302 (0.164) | 0.167 (0.133) | 0.160 (0.094) | 0.112 (0.097) | |
| Subordinate | 7 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
| 0.037 (0.097) | 0.029 (0.049) | 0.091 (0.267) | 0.007 (0.018) | 0.015 (0.025) | 0.042 (0.046) | |
| Thematic | 25 | 17 | 10 | 38 | 33 | 24 |
| 0.134 (0.102) | 0.095 (0.101) | 0.093 (0.113) | 0.117 (0.086) | 0.114 (0.071) | 0.120 (0.106) | |
| Circumlocution | 3 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 1 |
| 0.021 (0.043) | 0.012 (0.045) | 0 (0) | 0.020 (0.029) | 0.017 (0.032) | 0.004 (0.017) | |
| Total | 78 | 76 | 48 | 110 | 99 | 63 |
| 0.455 (0.160) | 0.477 (0.109) | 0.566 (0.168) | 0.353 (0.143) | 0.338 (0.155) | 0.343 (0.214) | |
| Visual | ||||||
| Misperception | 27 | 34 | 22 | 11 | 17 | 21 |
| 0.169 (0.084) | 0.223 (0.097) | 0.271 (0.226) | 0.038 (0.046) | 0.052 (0.067) | 0.137 (0.097) | |
| Misinterpretation | 6 | 7 | 4 | 134 | 136 | 49 |
| 0.034 (0.059) | 0.048 (0.084) | 0.045 (0.078) | 0.363 (0.170) | 0.400 (0.170) | 0.278 (0.178) | |
| Total | 33 | 41 | 26 | 145 | 153 | 70 |
| 0.203 (0.106) | 0.271 (0.132) | 0.317 (0.206) | 0.401 (0.172) | 0.452 (0.134) | 0.415 (0.206) | |
| Other | ||||||
| Synonym | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 0 (0) | 0.012 (0.045) | 0 (0) | 0.010 (0.026) | 0.007 (0.018) | 0.041 (0.089) | |
| Novel word | 3 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 0 |
| 0.022 (0.044) | 0.018 (0.037) | 0.023 (0.061) | 0.022 (0.042) | 0.009 (0.023) | 0 (0) | |
| Phonological | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
| 0.014 (0.036) | 0.013 (0.032) | 0.012 (0.044) | 0.008 (0.020) | 0.008 (0.015) | 0.004 (0.017) | |
| Unrelated | 18 | 3 | 2 | 32 | 34 | 17 |
| 0.087 (0.116) | 0.018 (0.051) | 0.018 (0.067) | 0.088 (0.073) | 0.101 (0.080) | 0.089 (0.077) | |
| Perseveration | 6 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 5 | 4 |
| 0.032 (0.046) | 0.006 (0.024) | 0 (0) | 0.023 (0.035) | 0.014 (0.024) | 0.020 (0.045) | |
| No response | 27 | 29 | 7 | 34 | 22 | 16 |
| 0.187 (0.151) | 0.184 (0.148) | 0.064 (0.097) | 0.096 (0.129) | 0.072 (0.056) | 0.086 (0.103) | |
| Total | 56 | 40 | 12 | 84 | 69 | 43 |
| 0.343 (0.177) | 0.252 (0.153) | 0.117 (0.123) | 0.246 (0.127) | 0.210 (0.103) | 0.241 (0.140) | |
Note. Mean proportions were calculated by dividing the number of a certain subtype of errors by the total number of errors for each participant and then averaging over the 14 participants in each group. GAP = general all-purpose verbs.