Table 1. Summary of enteric E. coli pathotypes.

Pathotype	Adhesin	Toxin	T3SS	SPATE	Disease
ETEC	Colonization factors (CF) Porcine A/E associated adhesin (Paa)	Heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) Heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) Cytolysin A (ClyA)	-	ETEC autotransporter A (EatA)	Acute watery diarrhea (< 5yo) Travelers’ diarrhea
EAEC	Aggregative adherence fimbriae (AAF) (I, II, III, Hda) Toxigenic invasion loci A (Tia)	EAEC heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1) Shigella enterotoxin (ShET)1 Hemolysin E (HlyE)	+/−*	Plasmid-encoded toxin (Pet) Protein involved in intestinal colonization (Pic) Secreted autotransporter toxin (Sat) Shigella IgA-like protease homology (SigA) E. coli secreted protein (Esp)P	Travelers’ diarrhea Infant diarrhea
STEAEC	AAF IrgA homolog adhesin (Iha)	Shiga toxin (Stx)	-	Pic Pet	Food poisoning
DAEC	afimbrial (Afa) or fimbrial (Dr) adhesins	-	-	Sat	Acute diarrhea (< 5yo)
AIEC	Type 1 pili Long polar fimbriae (LPF)	-	-	-	Crohn disease
EHEC	Intimin Paa Toxin B (ToxB) E. coli factor for adherence (Efa)-1 LPF STEC autoagglutinating adhesin (Saa) E. coli immunoglobulin-binding protein (EibG) EHEC autotransporter encoding gene A (EhaA) Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) Iha	Stx	LEE encoded	EspP	Food poisoning
EPEC	Intimin Bundle forming pili (BFP) Paa LPF Iha EhaA	-	LEE encoded	EspC	Infant diarrhea
EIEC (Shigella)	-	ShET1/2	pINV encoded	Shigella extracellular protein (Sep)A SigA	Shigellosis

^*One potentially functional but as yet uncharacterized T3SS (ETT2) was found in the genome sequence of EAEC O42 (and remnants of a second).