TABLE 1.

Patient clinical characteristics for the SIRS and the sepsis group for the training set and the test set

	SIRS without infection		SIRS with infection (severe sepsis /septic shock)		ICU controls
	Training samples (n = 33)	Test samples (n = 41)	Training samples (n = 30)	Test samples (n = 39)	(n = 16)
Age, years (mean±SD)	66.76 ± 10.29	67.46 ± 9.9	63.83 ± 11.39	63.56 ± 15.27	67.06 ± 11.73
Gender (f/m)	8/25	14/27	6/24	15/24	4/12
APACHE II score (mean±SD)	18.12 ± 7.1	19.22 ± 7.41	22.7 ± 7.6	25.79 ± 8.63	10.63 ± 1.93
SOFA score (mean±SD)	7.97 ± 3.89	8.83 ± 3.36	9.43 ± 3.58	11.44 ± 3.88	4.87 ± 1.89
Mechanical ventilation (%)	45.5	65.9	83.3	94.9	5.9
PCT procalcitonin ([ng/ml], mean±SD)	14.04 ± 29.94	14.95 ± 25.12	26.58 ± 76.6	12.97 ± 27.05	0.3 ± 0.01
Diagnosis (MDI/CDI)			18/12	25/14
Pathogen (gram+/gram−/fungal/ mixed infection)*			11/5/1/1	4/18/1/2
Recent surgical history (%)	100	100	96.7	89.7	100
Type of surgery (n)
Abdominal surgery			2	14
Cardiothoracic surgery	30	38	17	12	15
Obstetrics				2
Maxillofacial surgery				1
Neurosurgery	3		6	2
Trauma surgery			1
Urosurgery				2
vVascular surgery		3	3	2	1
No history of surgery			1	4
Focus (n)
Intra-abdominal				2
Primary bacteremia			1
Catheter-associated			4	3
Wound infection			1
Mediastinitis			3
Meningitis			1	1
Other			3
Pericarditis			1
Peritonitis			2	17
Pleural empyema			1	1
Pneumonia			13	14
Urogenital				1
No	33	41			16

MDI/CDI, microbiologically documented /clinically documented infection.

^*Isolated pathogens of microbiologically documented sepsis patients are depicted in supplementary Table I.