Table 3.

Survival of Spores of B. subtilis 168 after Spaceflight during the EXPOSE-E Mission, after MGR, and Laboratory Controls

	Colony formers (N)				Survival (N/N0)
Spaceflight experiment
Lab control (before)a	Lab control (after)	Flight unit Sun-exposed	Flight unit Sun-exposed	Flight unit darkc	Lab control (after)	Flight unit Sun-exposed	Flight unit Sun-exposed	Flight unit darkc
		100% Tb	0.1% Tb			100% Tb	0.1% Tb
Outer space simulating interplanetary trajectory: “trip to Mars” samples
(3.6±0.5)×108	(3.9±0.5)×108	(3.2±2.0)×105	(3.8±1.7)×106	(2.0±0.2)×108	(1.1±0.1)	(8.8±1.4)×10−4	(1.1±0.1)×10−2	(5.5±1.0)×10−1
Simulated martian climate: “stay on Mars” samples
(3.6±0.5)×108	(3.9±0.5)×108	(1.8±0.7)×107	(7.3±0.9)×107	(2.7±0.4)×108	(1.1±0.1)	(4.9±0.9)×10−2	(2.0±0.3)×10−1	(7.4±1.3)×10−1
Mission ground reference
Lab control (before)a	Lab control (after)	MGR unit irradiated	MGR unit irradiated	MGR unit dark	Lab control (after)	MGR unit irradiated	MGR unit irradiated	MGR unit darkc
		100% Tb	0.1% Tb			100% Tb	0.1% Tb
Simulated space environment
(3.6±0.5)×108	(3.9±0.5)×108	(1.0±0.2)×106	(1.6±0.3)×107	(1.8±0.4)×108	(1.1±0.1)	(2.8±0.6)×10−3	(4.5±0.6)×10−2	(4.8±1.0)×10−1
Simulated martian climate
(3.6±0.5)×108	(3.9±0.5)×108	(3.2±0.4)×107	(6.3±0.8)×107	(2.4±0.2)×108	(1.1±0.1)	(9.0±1.2)×10−2	(1.7±0.4)×10−1	(6.7±1.2)×10−1

^an=5, taken as untreated control N₀.

^bn=3, T=transmission of optical filter system.

^cn=21.