Table 1.
Demographic and caregiving-related correlates of perception of no choice in taking on caregiving responsibilities.
| Variable | N (Unweighted) | % No Choice Bivariate χ2 tests | Odds Ratio (95% CI) Multivariate Logistic regression |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Sample | 1,384 | 43.8 | (Nagelkerke) R2 = 16.4% |
| Demographics | |||
|
Caregiver Age 18–9 (ref) |
483 | 38.5 | 1.00 |
| 50–64 | 610 | 49.1 | 1.32 (0.99,1.76) |
| 65+ | 291 | 44.6** | 1.53 (1.01,2.31)* |
|
Care Recipient Age 50–64 |
218 | 50.4 | 1.90 (1.29,2.81)** |
| 65–74 | 255 | 38.2 | 0.98 (0.67,1.42) |
| 75–84 | 450 | 43.6 | 1.08 (0.80,1.46) |
| 85+ (ref) | 473 | 44.0* | 1.00 |
|
Caregiver Sex Male |
463 | 42.9 | 0.82 (0.64,1.05) |
| Female (ref) | 934 | 44.3 | 1.00 |
|
Care Recipient Sex Male |
443 | 45.4 | 1.07 (0.83,1.39) |
| Female (ref) | 953 | 43.0 | 1.00 |
|
Caregiver Race White (ref) |
803 | 44.2 | 1.00 |
| African American | 206 | 43.9 | 1.09 (0.74,1.59) |
| Hispanic | 200 | 36.2 | 0.74 (0.49,1.11) |
| Asian | 170 | 46.2 | 1.07 (0.46,2.51) |
| Other | 18 | 68.2 | (dropped) |
|
Caregiver Education Less than high school |
66 | 35.5 | 1.12 (1.04,1.21)** (continuous variable) |
| High school graduate | 302 | 40.4 | |
| Some college/technical school | 367 | 42.9 | |
| College graduate | 364 | 46.4 | |
| Post-graduate work/degree | 297 | 47.6 | |
| Caregiving-related Factors | |||
|
Care Recipient Relationship to CG Parent |
833 | 51.4 | 7.01 (4.20,11.70)** |
| Spouse | 99 | 60.3 | 8.42 (4.07,17.42)** |
| Other relative | 296 | 33.6 | 3.55 (2.06,6.13)** |
| Non-relative (ref) | 169 | 15.2** | 1.00 |
|
Care Recipient Condition1 Short-term physical |
492 | 41.8 | 1.07 (0.82,1.39) |
| Long-term physical | 1061 | 46.1** | 1.33 (0.97,1.84) |
| Emotional/mental health | 355 | 55.3** | 1.48 (1.11,1.98)** |
| Retardation/developmental delay | 54 | 52.3 | 0.90 (0.42,1.93) |
| Learning disability/educational | 82 | 54.8 | 0.97 (0.48,1.95) |
| Behavioral issue | 147 | 66.0** | 2.30 (1.48,3.56)** |
|
Time Spent Caregiving 6 months or less (ref) |
207 | 36.5 | 1.00 |
| 6 months to 1 year | 194 | 41.2 | 1.01 (0.66,1.56) |
| 1 – 5 years | 487 | 44.7 | 1.25 (0.87,1.81) |
| 5 years or longer | 455 | 50.4** | 1.31 (0.89,1.91) |
|
Level of Care/Burden Index2 Low burden (ref) |
614 | 41.3 | 1.00 |
| Medium burden | 266 | 42.6 | 1.03 (0.76,1.41) |
| High burden | 477 | 49.1* | 1.16 (0.88,1.54) |
All estimates are weighted to adjust for over-sample of minorities in the National Alliance for Caregiving survey.
**
p<.01,
*
p<.05 χ2 test (% No Choice column) or Wald statistic (logistic regression column).
1
Respondents could choose multiple conditions; analyzed as separate indicator variables.
2
Based on National Alliance for Caregiving methodology. Uses hours of care per week and number of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and activities of daily living (ADL) performed by the caregiver (see National Alliance for Caregiving and the American Association of Retired Persons, 2009a).