Table 1.
Demographics and alcohol use measures by group: NSAC (Non-Substance Abusing Controls), TNA (Treatment-Naive Alcoholics), ALC (Alcohol-Dependent Only) and ALC+DRG (Alcohol and Drug-Dependent)
| TNA
|
NSAC
|
Effect Size
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALC | ALC+DRG | Men (n=35) | Women (n=39) | ALC vs. NSAC | ALC+DRG vs. NSAC | ALC vs. ALC+DRG | |||
| Men (n=23) | Women (n=20) | Men (n=21) | Women (n=5) | ||||||
| Demographics |
Partial η2
|
||||||||
| Age (years) | 45.0 ± 6.7 | 45.0 ± 7.1 | 44.6 ± 7.1 | 47.2 ± 8.2 | 47.6 ± 6.8 | 49.4 ± 7.7 | 5.6** | 4.3* | 0.0 |
| Years of Education | 13.7 ± 1.7 | 14.4 ± 2.0 | 13.8 ± 2.8 | 14.8 ± 3.0 | 15.5 ± 2.4 | 16.0 ± 2.4 | 13.6*** | 9.4** | 0.0 |
| Proportion 1st Degree Relative Problem Drinkersa | 0.15 ± 0.20 | 0.25 ± 0.22 | 0.34 ± 0.29 | 0.33 ± 0.26 | 0.13 ± 0.19 | 0.19 ± 0.21 | 0.6 | 9.7** | 7.0* |
| Proportion 1st Degree Relative Problem Drug Users b | 0.05 ± 0.14 | 0.10 ± 0.15 | 0.08 ± 0.17 | 0.00 ± 0.00 | 0.04 ± 0.11 | 0.06 ± 0.14 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| Alcohol Use Variables | |||||||||
| Alcohol Lifetime Use (standard drinks) | 39754 ± 30190 | 18415 ± 13027 | 51095 ± 40426 | 40453 ± 61757 | 2247 ± 2164 | 1801 ± 2245 | 42.5c | 46.6c | 7.3* |
| Duration of Alcohol Use (months) | 354.3 ± 92.7 | 319.7 ± 87.4 | 359.4 ± 108.8 | 384.6 ± 135.4 | 227.5 ± 151.3 | 227.7 ± 153.9 | 14.1c | 15.3c | 1.6 |
| Average Alcohol Consumption (standard drinks/month) | 71.5 ± 95.0 | 51.0 ± 40.4 | 99.6± 102.6 | 105.0 ± 180.4 | 8.5 ± 9.9 | 3.8 ± 5.5 | 26.3c | 33.2c | 4.0 |
| Duration of Maximum Use (months) | 144.6 ± 107.7 | 98.8 ± 68.5 | 164.8 ± 104.9 | 118.1 ± 113.9 | 86.5 ± 69.0 | 70.2 ± 69.4 | 7.3c | 15.6c | 2.6 |
| Max Average Alcohol Consumption (standard drinks/month) | 161.4 ± 127.2 | 94.6 ± 103.2 | 185.4± 115.1 | 110.2 ± 182.2 | 17.4 ± 15.6 | 15.7 ± 14.6 | 36.1c | 51.2c | 2.5 |
| Total Consumption During Maximum Use (standard drinks) | 26608 ± 26524 | 9809 ± 11017 | 36194 ± 39778 | 26747 ± 53349 | 1415 ± 1300 | 987 ± 1155 | 28.7c | 32.8c | 5.8* |
| Withdrawal Scale Mean Frequency | 15.4 ± 14.4 | 18.6 ± 15.9 | 26.9 ± 18.5 | 27.6 ± 12.9 | 4.7 ± 8.2 | 3.9 ± 5.3 | 25.1c | 47.7c | 8.9* |
| Withdrawal Scale Mean Intensity | 24.2 ± 19.0 | 24.6 ± 19.8 | 30.3 ± 19.1 | 39.9 ± 7.0 | 8.5 ± 11.1 | 8.0 ± 9.2 | 23.8c | 41.9c | 4.1 |
|
|
|||||||||
| Smoking Status |
Odds Ratios
|
||||||||
| Lifetime Smokers # (%) | 10 (43.5%) | 5 (25%) | 13 (61.9%) | 4 (80%) | 7 (20%) | 5 (12.8%) | 2.77* | 9.76*** | 3.53* |
| Current Smokers # (%) | 10 (43.5%) | 4 (20%) | 13 (61.9%) | 4 (80%) | 3 (8.6%) | 3 (7.7%) | 5.47*** | 21.41*** | 3.91** |
Effect is significant:
*
p ≤ .05
**
p ≤ .01
***
p ≤ .001
a
NSAC Men (n=34), NSAC Women (n=37), ALC Women (n=19), ALC+DRG Men (n=20) - Due to adopted participants.
b
NSAC Men (n=34), NSAC Women (n=37), ALC Women (n=19), ALC+DRG Men (n=19) - Due to adopted participants.
c
Statistical comparisons of Alcohol Use Variables between TNA and NSAC is not appropriate since the dependent variable is related to the selection criteria.