Table 4.

MANCOVA results and standardized canonical coefficients for the lifetime allocation of resources

Source of variation	Pillai’s Trace (F)	df	P	Canonical variates			Standardized canonical coefficients
				Variate no.	Percent variation	P	Longevity	No. bloodmeals	Fecundity
Population	1.99	15, 192	0.0178	1	83.7	0.0109	−1.40	−0.12	1.43
				2	11.0	0.6806	0.21	0.81	0.09
				3	5.4	0.5950	0.52	−1.07	0.94
North vs south	1.06	3, 62	0.3744	1	100	0.3744	−0.22	0.78	0.47
Photoperiod	1.46	3, 62	0.2329	1	100	0.2329	1.10	0.40	−0.47
Population × photoperiod	0.98	15, 192	0.4776	1	72.3	0.4787	−0.93	−0.20	1.61
				2	18.2	0.8343	1.14	0.03	−0.17
				3	9.5	0.6896	−0.32	1.33	−0.58
Date	1.76	3, 62	0.1646	1	100	0.1646	0.59	0.41	0.18
Incubator	0.80	3, 62	0.4993	1	100	0.4993	−1.44	−0.24	1.33
Wing length	3.01	3, 19	0.0558	1	100	0.0558	0.09	−1.79	1.90

Significant effects and pairwise contrasts are indicated in bold and are reported in the main text.

Only pairwise contrasts between regions for the population main effect are shown for brevity.