Figure 4.

Ethylene biosynthesis and phytohormone levels upon lumichrome treatment in lotus and tomato. (A) 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and (B) ethylene (C₂H₄) concentrations in roots of 5-week-old lotus (black bar) and tomato (gray bar). Correspondingly, (C) ACC synthase, (D) ACC oxidase, (E) and malonyl-ACC transferase maximal catalytic activity upon root drenching. (F–L) Absolute levels of abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid A3 (GA₃), dihydrozeatin (dhZ) and zeatin (Z). The values are the mean ± SE (n = 6). The data was analyzed using one way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s least significant difference, bars that do not share letters are significantly different (P < 0.05) from each other. nd, not detected.