Table 1.

Correlation between human activities/conditions and vagus nerve function.

Activity/disease	Vagus nerve function	Reference
Aerobic exercise	Increase	Sandercock et al., 2005; Jae et al., 2009; Earnest et al., 2012
Meditation	Increase	Peng et al., 2004
Acupuncture	Increase	Haker et al., 2000; Lee et al., 2011;
Biofeedback training	Increase	Cowan et al., 1990; Nolan et al., 2005
Relaxation training	Increase	Sakakibara et al., 1994; Terathongkum and Pickler, 2004
Diet-supplemented fish oil or olive oil	Increase	Christensen et al., 1999; Holguin et al., 2005; Berbert et al., 2005
Sepsis	Depressed function coupled to impaired survival	Pontet et al., 2003; Barnaby et al., 2002; Kessler et al., 2006
Acute myocardial infarction	Depressed function coupled to impaired survival	Lanza et al., 1998, 2006
Cardiovascular disease	Decrease	Villareal et al., 2002
Rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, SLE, sarcoidosis	Decrease	Lindgren et al., 1993; Stein et al., 1996; Laversuch et al., 1997; Evrengül et al., 2004
Head trauma	Decrease	Biswas et al., 2000; Su et al., 2005
Depression	Decrease	Kemp et al., 2010;
Obesity	Decrease	Minami et al., 1999; Akehi et al., 2001; Facchini et al., 2003
Aging	Decrease	Zulfiqar et al., 2010