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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jun 11.
Published in final edited form as: Epidemiol Rev. 1996;18(2):149–157. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a017922

TABLE 3.

Definitions for timing of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vertical transmission

AIDS Clinical Trial Group recommendations 1992, non-breast-feeding infants
 In utero—Viral marker (polymerase chain reaction or culture) positive in first 48 hours (cord blood sample ideally confirmed with peripheral blood sample)
 Intrapartum—Viral marker negative in blood samples obtained in the first week of life; first positive viral marker detected from day 7 to day 90
Ghent (Belgium) recommendations 1994, breast-feeding infants
 In utero—First positive viral marker detected in first 2 days of life (cord blood uninterpretable)
 In utero plus intrapartum— First positive viral marker obtained between 30 and 60 days of life
 In utero plus intrapartum plus early postnatal—First positive viral marker obtained between 90 and 180 days of life