Table 3.

Medication Use at Baseline and Month 12.^*

Medication	Baseline			Month 12
	Medical Therapy (N = 41)	Gastric Bypass (N = 50)	Sleeve Gastrectomy (N = 49)	Medical Therapy (N = 39)	Gastric Bypass (N = 49)	Sleeve Gastrectomy (N = 49)
	number of patients (percent)
Diabetes medication
Biguanide	38 (93)	42 (84)	41 (84)	38 (97)	10 (20)†	19 (39)†
Thiazolidinedione	18 (44)	25 (50)	17 (35)	20 (51)	0†	5 (10)†
Incretin mimetic	20 (49)	20 (40)	21 (43)	34 (87)	1 (2)†	10 (20)†
Secretagogue	15 (37)	17 (34)	18 (37)	10 (26)	1 (2)†	5 (10)
Insulin	21 (51)	23 (46)	22 (45)	15 (38)	2 (4)†	4 (8)†
Injectable agent‡	27 (66)	30 (60)	30 (61)	31 (79)	2 (4)†	4 (8)†
No. of diabetes medications
0	1 (2)	1 (2)	1 (2)	0	38 (78)§	25 (51)§
1	5 (12)	10 (20)	11 (22)	2 (5)	8 (16)	10 (20)
2	10 (24)	13 (26)	14 (29)	9 (23)	3 (6)	9 (18)
≥3	25 (61)	26 (52)	23 (47)	28 (72)	0	5 (10)
Cardiovascular medication
Lipid-lowering agent	34 (83)	43 (86)	38 (78)	36 (92)	13 (27)†	19 (39)†
Antihypertensive agent	31 (76)	39 (78)	33 (67)	30 (77)	16 (33)†	13 (27)†
Beta-blocker	6 (15)	9 (18)	6 (12)	5 (13)	9 (18.4)	3 (6)
Calcium-channel blocker	4 (10)	4 (8)	2 (4)	3 (8)	1 (2.0)	1 (2)
ACE inhibitor or ARB	25 (61)	37 (74)	30 (61)	26 (67)	9 (18)†	11 (22)†
Diuretic	11 (27)	18 (36)	14 (29)	14 (36)	5 (10)¶	9 (18)
Antithrombotic agent	22 (54)	21 (42)	16 (33)	24 (62)	1 (2)†	8 (16)†

^*All P values in the footnotes were calculated on the basis of the 12-month data with the medical-therapy group as the comparator. Data for the 12-month analysis were missing for two patients in the medical-therapy group and for one patient in the gastric-bypass group. ACE denotes angiotensin-converting enzyme, and ARB angiotensin-receptor blocker.

^†P<0.001.

^‡Injectable agents include insulin.

^§P<0.05 for the categorical comparison of the number of medications.

^¶P<0.01.