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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int Immunopharmacol. 2011 Dec 22;12(2):368–377. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.12.009

Figure 10. EF31 inhibits MAPK transcription factor DNA-binding activity.

Figure 10

Mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were grown in 60 mm × 15 mm cell culture dishes and pretreated with curcumin (50 µM), EF31 (10 µM), or vehicle (DMSO 1%) for 1 hour prior to treatment with LPS (1 µg/mL) or saline for 15 minutes. Nuclear proteins were collected as described in section 2.3 and transcription factor DNA-binding was measured using a DNA-binding ELISA for ATF-2 (top) and c-Jun (bottom). Results shown are representative of three separate experiments. All conditions were run in triplicate, and values shown are means (±SEM). *** p < 0.001 vs. curcumin + LPS; ††† p < 0.001 vs. vehicle + LPS; aa p < 0.01, aaa p < 0.001 vs. vehicle + saline.