Figure 11. EF31 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs p38, JNK, and ERK.
Mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were grown in 60 mm × 15 mm cell culture dishes and pre-treated with EF31 (10 µM), or vehicle (DMSO 1%) for 1 hour prior to treatment with LPS (1 µg/mL) or saline for 15 or 30 minutes. Whole cell extracts and western blot analyses were conducted for unphosphorylated and phosphorylated (p) p38 (A), JNK (B), and ERK (C) and as described in section 2.9. Results shown are representative of three separate experiments.