Table 1. Baseline Maternal Health Characteristics, by Treatment Arm.
| Baseline Health Characteristic | Placebo n = 73 | Valacyclovir n = 73 | |
| Median (IQR)or n (%) | Median (IQR)or n (%) | P value* | |
| Age (years) | 25 (22–29) | 25 (22–30) | 0.82 |
| Prior STI | 18 (25%) | 20 (27%) | 0.71 |
| Prior syphilis | 4 (5%) | 4 (5%) | 1.00 |
| Prior GUD | 13 (18%) | 10 (13%) | 0.5 |
| Prior TB | 3 (4%) | 3 (4%) | 1.00 |
| Prior herpes zoster | 5 (7%) | 4 (6%) | 0.73 |
| On ARVs for PMTCT | 68 (93%) | 73 (100%) | 0.02 |
| WHO Stage 1 | 62 (85%) | 68 (93%) | 0.11 |
| CD4 count (cells/µL) | 481 (340–598) | 452 (351–560) | 0.78 |
| Log10 HIV-1 plasma RNA level (copies/ml) | 3.84 (3.43–.45) | 3.99 (3.30–4.41) | 0.86 |
| No symptoms this pregnancy | 44 (60%) | 47 (64%) | 0.61 |
| Symptoms this pregnancy | |||
| Fever | 16 (22%) | 18 (25%) | 0.70 |
| Malaria | 12 (16%) | 12 (16%) | 1.00 |
| Diarrhea | 11 (15%) | 15 (21%) | 0.39 |
| Cough | 22 (30%) | 27 (37%) | 0.38 |
| Weight loss | 3 (4%) | 9 (12%) | 0.13 |
| Itchy rash | 4 (5%) | 4 (5%) | 1.00 |
| Thrush | 4 (5%) | 4 (5%) | 1.00 |
IQR = Interquartile range. USD = US Dollars. STI = sexually transmitted infection. GUD = genital ulcer disease. ARVs = antiretrovirals. TB = tuberculosis. PMTCT = prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. *P value calculated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables and chi-squared and Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.