Table 4.

Comparison of DARC in human, Neandertal and chimpanzee genomes

	Nucleotides position *
	5′ UTR				IVS 1							Exon 2								3′ UTR
Species †	−214	−135	−67	−29	+54	+115	+123	+150	−243	−58	−19	24	123	125	265	298	343	573	807	+88	+219	+250	+268	+283
H. sapiens	c	g	t	c	c	c	t	c	-	a	c	G	T	A	C	G	G	T	G	g	c	c	g	a
Neandertal	c	g	?	c	?	c	t	?	-	?	c	AG	?	?	C	G	G	T	G	?	c	c	g	a
P. troglodytes	t	t	t	g	c	c	-	c	-	a	t	A	C	A	C	G	A	A	C	t	t	c	g	c

^*Nucleotide positions are shown according to the human reference sequence (NG_011626.1) and defined using the first nucleotide of the coding sequence (CDS) of the NM_002036.2 isoform as nucleotide position 1. The following single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been used for this analysis: all 11 SNP found in sequence analysis of 54 African Americans (Table S1) and all 13 SNP in which the predicted ancestral human DARC alleles differed from P. troglodytes in the range of −300 nucleotides in the 5′ UTR to +300 nucleotides in the 3′ UTR. Additional 65 nucleotide substitutions were found in the Neandertal genome sequence, which differ from both the human and the chimpanzee nucleotides and were not considered for this analysis.

^†Used DARC nucleotide sequences for analysis: The postulated ancestral human DARC allele (Fig. 1), NC_006468.2 for P. troglodytes, and the sequence of the Neandertal Genome project.¹⁹