Table 3.
First twin in non-cephalic presentation
| Author | Year | Study design | Mode of delivery | Gestational age (weeks) | Presentation | Birth weight | 5-min Apgar score <7 | Neonatal mortality | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VD/CS | N | Twin A breech (%) | Twin B cephalic (%) | Twin A (g) | Twin B (g) | Twin A N (%) | Twin B N (%) | Twin A N (%) | Twin B N (%) | ||||
| Sentilhes [12] | 2007 | Retr cohort | VD | 124 | 37 ± 1 | 100 % | 45 % | 2,620 ± 363 | 2,555 ± 410 | 2 (2 %) | 0 | 1 (1 %) | 0 |
| CS | 71 | 37 ± 1 | 100 % | 52 % | 2,762 ± 429 | 2,490 ± 446 | 2 (3 %) | 1 (1 %) | 0 | 1 (1 %) | |||
| p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | ||||||||||
| Griasaru [13] | 2000 | Retr cohort | VD | 33 | >32 | 100 % | 52 % | 2,636 ± 385 | 2,588 ± 456 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| CS | 38 | >32 | 89 % | NR | 2,589 ± 450 | 2,488 ± 475 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Abu-Heija [14, 15]a | 1998 | Retr cohort | VD | 42 | 37 ± 3 | 100 % | NR | 2,566 ± 555 | 2,450 ± 482 | NR | NR | 3 (7 %) | 1 (2 %) |
| CS | 87 | 38 ± 2 | 100 % | NR | 2,712 ± 553 | 2,577 ± 594 | NR | NR | 2 (3 %) | 0 | |||
| p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | ||||||||||
| Blickstein [16]b | 1993 | Retr cohort | VD | 24 | NRa | 100 % | 100 % | NRa | NRa | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| CS | 35 | NRa | 100 % | 100 % | NRa | NRa | NR | NR | NR | NR | |||
| p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | ||||||||||
| Nassar [23] | 2004 | Retr cohort | VD | 35 | 36 ± 3 | 100 % | 35 % | 2,274 ± 486 | NR | 3 % | NR | 6 % | NR |
| CS | 95 | 36 ± 3 | 100 % | 45 % | 2,344 ± 617 | NR | 15 % | NR | 6 % | NR | |||
| p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | ||||||||||||
| Roopnarinesingh [24] | 2002 | Retr cohort | VD | 18 | >32 | 100 % | NR | 1,560–2,960 | NR | 0 | NR | 0 | NR |
| CS | 32 | >32 | 100 % | NR | 1,220–3,040 | NR | 0 | NR | 0 | NR | |||
| Blickstein [25] | 2000 | Retr cohort | VD | 53 | 36 ± 3 | 100 % | NR | 2,454 ± 466 | 2,539 ± 547 | 7 (7 %) | NR | 0 | NR |
| (Nullipara) | CS | 156 | 36 ± 2 | 100 % | NR | 2,527 ± 485 | 2,441 ± 533 | 16 (5 %) | NR | 1 (0.3 %) | NR | ||
| p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | ||||||||||||
| Retr cohort | VD | 129 | 37 ± 2 | 100 % | 49 % | 2,609 ± 524 | 2,626 ± 519 | 14 (5 %) | NR | 1 (0.4 %) | NR | ||
| (Multipara) | CS | 167 | 37 ± 3 | 100 % | 44 % | 2,662 ± 551 | 2,577 ± 568 | 17 (5 %) | NR | 0 | NR | ||
| p > 0.05 | p > 0.05 | ||||||||||||
| Kelsick [27] | 1982 | Retr cohort | VD | 194 | NR | 100 % | NR | 2,000–4,000 | 2,000–4,000 | NR | NR | 2 (1 %) | NR |
| CS | 142 | NR | 100 % | NR | 2,000–4,000 | 2,000–4,000 | NR | NR | 2 (1 %) | NR | |||
| p > 0.05 | |||||||||||||
Significant differences were defined according to the definitions and statistics used in the different studies
VD Vaginal delivery, CS Caesarean section, N Number of twin pairs, Retr Retrospective, NR Not reported
aAbu-Heija [14, 15] did not report the percentage of 5-min Apgar scores <7, but did report the mean 5-min Apgar scores: 8 ± 1 in all groups (without significant differences)
bBlickstein [16]: only the abstract was available