Table 3.

Scores on measures at 18 to 20 months in relation to outcome at 4 years

Measures at 18 to 20 months	Status at 4 years old, mean ± SD		Cohen d b
	TDa, n = 60	SLI, n = 15
OCDI z-scores
Production	-0.40 ± 0.73	-0.84 ± 1.06	0.56
Comprehension	-0.12 ± 1.18	-0.45 ± 0.84	0.30
VABS, scaled scoresc
Communication	101.13 ± 9.7	94.27 ± 9.32	0.72
Daily living	103.07 ± 8.3	98.53 ± 11.24	0.51
Social	95.28 ± 4.96	94.07 ± 4.04	0.26
Motor	98.88 ± 8.35	97.67 ± 4.24	0.16
MSEL t-scoresd
Expressive language	48.08 ± 11.16	41.13 ± 8.52	0.66
Receptive language	59.42 ± 10.31	50.00 ± 14.35	0.85
Visual reception	56.07 ± 10.65	48.93 ± 10.12	0.69
Motor	49.22 ± 8.02	45.6 ± 9.16	0.44

^aAbbreviations; MSEL, Mullen Scales of Early Learning; OCDI, Oxford Communicative Development Inventory; SLI, specific language impairment; TD, typical development; VABS, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale.

^bFor individual two-tailed t-test, uncorrected for multiple comparisons, effect size of 0.57 was significant at P = 0.05 level and effect size of 0.83 was significant at P = 0.005.

^cAge scaled score based on mean ± SD of 100 ± 15.

^dThe t-score is based on mean ± SD of 50 ± 10.