Table 3.
Measures at 18 to 20 months | Status at 4 years old, mean ± SD | Cohen d b | |
---|---|---|---|
TDa, n = 60 | SLI, n = 15 | ||
OCDI z-scores | |||
Production | -0.40 ± 0.73 | -0.84 ± 1.06 | 0.56 |
Comprehension | -0.12 ± 1.18 | -0.45 ± 0.84 | 0.30 |
VABS, scaled scoresc | |||
Communication | 101.13 ± 9.7 | 94.27 ± 9.32 | 0.72 |
Daily living | 103.07 ± 8.3 | 98.53 ± 11.24 | 0.51 |
Social | 95.28 ± 4.96 | 94.07 ± 4.04 | 0.26 |
Motor | 98.88 ± 8.35 | 97.67 ± 4.24 | 0.16 |
MSEL t-scoresd | |||
Expressive language | 48.08 ± 11.16 | 41.13 ± 8.52 | 0.66 |
Receptive language | 59.42 ± 10.31 | 50.00 ± 14.35 | 0.85 |
Visual reception | 56.07 ± 10.65 | 48.93 ± 10.12 | 0.69 |
Motor | 49.22 ± 8.02 | 45.6 ± 9.16 | 0.44 |
aAbbreviations; MSEL, Mullen Scales of Early Learning; OCDI, Oxford Communicative Development Inventory; SLI, specific language impairment; TD, typical development; VABS, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale.
bFor individual two-tailed t-test, uncorrected for multiple comparisons, effect size of 0.57 was significant at P = 0.05 level and effect size of 0.83 was significant at P = 0.005.
cAge scaled score based on mean ± SD of 100 ± 15.
dThe t-score is based on mean ± SD of 50 ± 10.