Table. Drug resistance patterns in Taiwan, 1960–2004.
| Hospital* | No. strains | Study period | Drug resistance (%)† |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INH | EMB | RMP | SM | Any | MDR | Methods | Reference‡ | |||
| Primary drug resistance | ||||||||||
| A | 162 | 1960–1962 | 13.4 | – | – | 11.7 | 22.2 | – | Absolute concentration | (6) |
| B | 154 | 1962 | 8.4 | – | – | 7.8 | 14.3 | – | (6) | |
| B | 557 | 1971–1972 | 22.6 | – | – | 15.4 | 30.8 | – | Resistance ratio on SM; absolute concentration on INH and EMB | (6) |
| B | 1,914 | 1979–1982 | 8.4 | 0.1 | 0 | 9.2 | 17.9 | – | Absolute concentration | (6) |
| B | 1,924 | 1984–1988 | 6.8 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 5.0 | 9.9 | – | Resistance ratio (1984–1986); absolute concentration (1986–1988) | (6) |
| B | 1,935 | 1990–1995 | 9.2 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 5.7 | 12.3 | 1.2 | Absolute concentration | (6) |
| B | 249 | 1996 | 12.0 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 4.8 | 16.1 | 1.6 | Absolute concentration | (7) |
| C | 254 | 1996–1999 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 11.0 | 22.0 | 1.6 | Proportion | (8) |
| D | 456 | 2001–2002 | 14.9 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 11.4 | 20.6 | 2.4 | BACTEC 960 | (9) |
| E | 190 | 2001–2002 | 11.1 | 5.8 | 2.1 | 5.3 | 16.8 | 2.1 | Proportion | (6) |
| F | 611 | 2002–2004 | 6.8 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 6.2 | 12.8 | 1.8 | Proportion | NA |
| Acquired drug resistance | ||||||||||
| B | 200 | 1996 | 63.0 | 28.5 | 46.5 | 21.5 | 67.0 | 46.0 | Absolute concentration | (7) |
| C | 199 | 1996–1999 | 25.6 | 11.1 | 32.2 | 17.1 | 49.2 | 15.1 | Proportion | (8) |
| B | 183 | 2000–2001 | 37.7 | 10.9 | 25.1 | 17.5 | 42.6 | 24.6 | Absolute concentration | (10) |
| D | 57 | 2001–2002 | 31.6 | 15.8 | 17.5 | 19.3 | 36.8 | 15.8 | BACTEC 960 | (9) |
| E | 62 | 2001–2002 | 54.8 | 33.9 | 45.2 | 17.7 | 64.5 | 45.2 | Proportion | (6) |
| F | 324 | 2002–2004 | 50.9 | 12.6 | 44.4 | 17.9 | 55.8 | 42.2 | Proportion | NA |
| Combined drug resistance | ||||||||||
| G | 942 | 1982–1986 | 20.4 | 15.3 | 8.8 | 9.8 | 27.8 | 8.1 | Proportion | (11) |
| A | 651 | 1990–1992 | 14.7 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 22.6 | 8.3 | Proportion | (9) |
| G | 884 | 1992–1996 | 20.9 | 12.8 | 11.8 | 9.1 | 28.9 | 10.1 | Proportion | (11) |
| B | 1,091 | 1996 | 31.5 | 11.4 | 18.2 | 11.9 | 35.5 | 17.3 | Absolute concentration | (7) |
| C | 453 | 1996–1999 | 13.9 | 8.2 | 17.4 | 13.7 | 34.0 | 7.5 | Proportion | (8) |
| H | 693 | 1996–2000 | 35.9 | 15.7 | 13.4 | 28.6 | 52.4 | 11.4 | Proportion | (12) |
| I | 1,411 | 1998–2002 | 19.0 | 15.7 | 6.1 | 10.0 | 30.5 | 5.1 | Proportion | (13) |
| D | 513 | 2001–2002 | 16.8 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 12.3 | 22.4 | 3.9 | BACTEC 960 | (9) |
| E | 252 | 2001–2002 | 21.8 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 8.3 | 28.6 | 12.8 | Proportion | (6) |
| F | 935 | 2002–2004 | 22.2 | 5.2 | 16.5 | 10.2 | 27.6 | 15.8 | Proportion | NA |
*A, Taipei Veterans General Hospital (medical center); B, Taiwan Provincial Chronic Disease Control Bureau (referral center); C, Taipei Municipal Chronic Disease Hospital (referral center); D, Changhua Christian Hospital (medical center); E, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital (medical center); F, Chest Hospital (referral center); G, Chang–Gung Memorial Hospital (medical center); H, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (medical center); I, National Taiwan University Hospital (medical center). †INH, isoniazid; EMB, ethambutol; RMP, rifampin; SM, streptomycin; Any, resistance to any 1 of INH, EMB, RMP, or SM; MDR, resistance to at least INH and RMP. ‡NA, not available.