Table 3.

Distribution (%) of offspring perceived parent behaviors within offspring smoking variables.

	Offspring smoking variables:
	Never tried cigarette	Ever tried cigarette	Regular smoking	Nicotine Dependence1)
	N=628	N=667	N=310	N=314
Mother problem/excessive drinker:	4.3	5.1	7.4	13.7**
Father problem/excessive drinker:	15.0	23.2	24.8	33.8**
Mother strictness:
Little less/lot less	18.3	16.7	23.6	24.4
Same	41.3	41.6	38.2	35.7
A lot more/little more	40.4	41.7	38.2	39.9
Father strictness:
Little less/lot less	22.0	24.3	24.0	29.1*
Same	42.4	35.5	34.7	33.3
A lot more/little more	35.5	40.2	41.2	37.5
Mother not consistent about rules	9.0	13.2	19.0	25.7**
Father not consistent about rules	9.3	15.4	14.8	19.4**
Mother closeness:
Very close	76.0	68.7	64.8	62.7**
Somewhat close	20.5	26.2	27.7	28.7
Not very/ not at all close	3.5	5.1	7.4	8.6
Father closeness:
Very close	57.1	51.0	46.1	43.9**
Somewhat close	34.9	38.9	37.3	36.9
Not very/ not at all close	8.0	10.2	16.6	19.2
Mother pressure to do well in school:
A lot	30.9	36.6	30.3	31.1*
Some	46.3	45.9	55.8	48.7
A little	16.0	12.5	8.4	14.7
None	6.9	5.0	5.5	5.5
Father pressure to do well in school:
A lot	26.7	31.3	31.2	30.3
Some	46.6	42.7	48.2	46.1
A little	18.4	20.2	17.1	17.4
None	9.3	5.9	3.6	6.1

¹⁾The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was used to define nicotine dependence Chisq:

^*p<0.05,

^**p<0.01