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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jul 17.
Published in final edited form as: Acc Chem Res. 2012 Feb 21;45(7):1067–1076. doi: 10.1021/ar2002123

Figure 2. Common Chemical Modifications of Oligonucleotides.

Figure 2

Other than the morpholino and PNA backbone modifications that form uncharged molecules, the various chemistries shown can be applied to siRNA as well as to single stranded oligonucleotides.