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a Magnetic resonance images of a 45-year-old male with a malignant tumour in the caudate nucleus and a monoventricular hydrocephalus. Tumour biopsy and restoration of the CSF flow by septostomy were the aims of the endoscopic procedure. b Intraoperative endoscopic view of the biopsy site. Neuronavigationally defined trajectories for septostomy (c) and tumour biopsy (d). Neuronavigation was considered to be beneficial for septostomy
