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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jul 21.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Host Microbe. 2011 Jul 21;10(1):44–53. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2011.06.002

Figure 2. IL-22 is an essential protection pathway downstream of LTβR signaling.

Figure 2

A-C. Stimulation of LTβR signaling promotes IL-22 protection pathway. Ltb-/- mice were injected intraperitoneally with 75μg of agonistic anti-LTβR antibody or control rat Ig (rIg) at day 0 and 3 post infection with C. rodentium. mRNA expression of IL-22 (A) and RegIIIγ (B) were measured in colon by real-time PCR at day 4 post infection. C. Bacterial titers in liver at day 4 post infection. n=4, **p<0.01, Data represent means ± s.e.m. D-G. Hydrodynamic injection of IL-22 expressing plasmid rescues Ltbr-/- mice from lethal C. rodentium infection. IL-22 expressing plasmid or control vector were intravenously injected to WT or Ltbr-/-mice 6h after C. rodentium infection. n=10-13/group. Survival (D) and body weight change (E) are shown. ***p<0.001 between IL-22 treated Ltbr-/- and control untreated Ltbr-/- mice by Mantel-Cox log-rank test. Data combined from two experiments with similar results. F. Representative hematoxylin and eosin staining of colons at day 9 post infection. Red boxes in top panel are shown at higher magnification at lower panel. Bars: 1mm for top panel, and 200μm for lower panel. G. Colitis histopathology score. n=5, *p<0.05. Data represent means ± s.e.m.