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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jun 15.

Published in final edited form as: Circ Res. 2011 Jun 30;109(5):543–553. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.241299

Growth stimulation of normal PA-SMCs by soluble (medium) or insoluble (matrix) factors secreted by presenescent (gray bars) or senescent (black bars) PA-SMCs. Presenescent cells were passage 3–4 cells from controls and senescent cells were passage 3–4 cells from patients with COPD. (A) Percentage of cells after exposure to the medium of presenescent or senescent PA-SMCs. (B) Percentage of cells plated onto matrices deposited by presenescent or senescent PA-SMCs. Values are mean±SEM of 12 values obtained from six independent experiments. (C) PA-SMC proliferation (OD: optical density, in arbitrary units) in a typical experiment where cells were stimulated by PDGF (20 ng/mL), medium, matrix, or medium combined with matrix from presenescent or senescent cells. (D) Percentage of cells after exposure to the medium of presenescent or senescent PA-SMCs in the presence of control or neutralizing antibodies to IL-8, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1. *P<0.05 compared with values corresponding to stimulation by presenescent cells; § p<0.05 versus values with control antibodies.

Growth stimulation of normal PA-SMCs by soluble (medium) or insoluble (matrix) factors secreted by presenescent (gray bars) or senescent (black bars) PA-SMCs. Presenescent cells were passage 3–4 cells from controls and senescent cells were passage 3–4 cells from patients with COPD. (A) Percentage of cells after exposure to the medium of presenescent or senescent PA-SMCs. (B) Percentage of cells plated onto matrices deposited by presenescent or senescent PA-SMCs. Values are mean±SEM of 12 values obtained from six independent experiments. (C) PA-SMC proliferation (OD: optical density, in arbitrary units) in a typical experiment where cells were stimulated by PDGF (20 ng/mL), medium, matrix, or medium combined with matrix from presenescent or senescent cells. (D) Percentage of cells after exposure to the medium of presenescent or senescent PA-SMCs in the presence of control or neutralizing antibodies to IL-8, TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1. *P<0.05 compared with values corresponding to stimulation by presenescent cells; § p<0.05 versus values with control antibodies.