Table 1a. Traditional breeds and their phenotypes.
| Breed | Likely breed origina | Approximate time breed established | Sourceb/flock/ number | Variety | Yellow skin | Blue eggs | White earlobes | Rose comb | Duplex comb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appenzellor | CHE | 1900s | RI/1/2 | - | - | Y | - | Y | |
| Araucana | CHL | 1920s | RI/1/2 | Cuckoo | ? | Y | - | - | - |
| RI/2/2 | Lavender | ? | Y | - | - | - | |||
| PB/3/1, RI/4/2 | Standard | ? | Y | - | - | - | |||
| Brahma | CHN | 1800s | RI/1/1 | Y | - | - | - | - | |
| Buff Orpington | GBR | 1800s | RI/1/1 | ? | - | - | - | - | |
| Cochin | CHN | 1800s | RI/1/1 | Y | - | - | - | - | |
| Cream Legbar | GBR | 1930s | PB/1/2 | Y | Y | ? | - | - | |
| Crevecoeur | FRA | 1800s | PB/1/3 | - | - | - | - | Y | |
| Croad Langshan | CHN | 1800s | RI/1/1 | ? | - | - | - | - | |
| Derbyshire Redcap | GBR | 1800s | RI/1/1 | - | - | - | Y | - | |
| Dorking | GBR | 1600s | RI/1/1, PB/2/2 | - | - | - | ? | - | |
| Hamburgh | NLD/DEU | 1700s | RI/1/2 | - | - | Y | Y | - | |
| Indian Game | GBR | 1500s | RI/1/1 | Y | - | - | - | - | |
| Ixworth | GBR | 1930s | RI/1/1 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Leghorn | ITA | 1800s | RI/1/1 | Brown | Y | - | Y | ? | - |
| Lincolnshire Buff | GBR | 1800s | RI/1/1 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Malay | ASIA | 1500s | RI/1/1 | Y | - | - | Yc | - | |
| Maran | FRA | 1920s | AD/1/2, RI/2/2 | Standard | - | - | - | - | - |
| RI/3/2 | Dark cuckoo | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| PB/4/2 | Cuckoo | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| PB/5/1 | Copper blue | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| PB/6/1 | Copper black | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Marsh Daisy | GBR | 1880s | RI/1/1 | ? | -c | Y | Y | - | |
| Modern Langshan | CHN | 1890s | RI/1/1 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Norfolk Grey | GBR | 1920s | RI/1/1 | - | -d | - | - | - | |
| Old English Pheasant Fowl | GBR | 1910s | RI/1/1 | - | -d | Y | Y | - | |
| Polish | POL | 1600s | RI/1/2 | - | - | Y | - | Y | |
| Rhode Island Red | USA | 1890s | RI/1/1 | Y | - | - | ? | - | |
| Scots Dumpy | GBR | 1800s | RI/1/1 | ? | - | - | - | - | |
| Scots Grey | GBR | 1800s | RI/1/1 | ? | - | - | - | - | |
| Silkie | CHN | 350BC | RI/1/2 | Blue | - | - | ? | Ye | - |
| RI/2/2 | Standard | - | - | ? | Ye | - | |||
| Spanish | ESP | 1500s | RI/1/1 | - | - | Y | - | - | |
| Sultan | TUR | 1800s | PB/1/1 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Sussex | GBR | 1800s | RI/1/2 | Light | - | - | - | - | - |
| RI/2/2 | White | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Totenko | JPN | 1600s | PB/1/7 | ? | -c | Y | - | - | |
| Villafranquina | ESP | 1970s | AD/1/2 | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Welsummer | NLD | 1920s | PB/1/4, PB/2/1 | Y | - | - | - | - | |
| White Star | ? | ? | PB/1/2 | ? | - | Y | - | - | |
| Yurlov | RUS | 1800s | AD/1/2 | Russia | ? | - | - | ? | - |
| AD/2/2 | Ukraine | ? | - | - | ? | - |
a
Likely breed origin and age ascertained from literature (Roberts, 1997; Scrivener, 2006, 2009), three-letter country code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-3).
b
AvianDiv Project (AD), Private Breeders (PB), Roslin Institute (RI), Olivier Hanotte (OH), Negussie Dana (ND) and José Alcalde (JA).
c
Breed documented as having blue-/black-/slate-coloured legs, and so the yellow skin allele is believed absent.
d
Breed documented as having willow-/olive-coloured legs, and so the yellow skin allele is believed present.
e
Breed documented as having a walnut comb, which is the result of having the alleles for both pea and rose comb.
Phenotype unknown (?), phenotype present (Y), phenotype absent (-).