Table 2. Association between reported demographic and exposure variables and Salmonella Newport-MDRAmpC infections in Wisconsin case-patients, 2003–2005*.
| Variable† | Infection, n (%) |
Odds ratio | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDRAmpC‡ (n = 137) | Pansusceptible (n = 95) | |||
| Male | 71(52) | 30 (32) | 2.33 | 0.002§ |
| Contact with cattle | 20 (15) | 0 | UD | 0.0001§ |
| Farm residence or farm or petting zoo visit¶ | 14 (10) | 0 | UD | 0.001§ |
| Consumption of raw milk | 10 (7) | 0 | UD | 0.006# |
| Contact with horses | 2 (2) | 0 | UD | 0.514# |
| Foreign travel | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 | 0.409# |
| Contact with dead animal | 1 (7) | 0 | UD | 1.000# |
| Contact with pet reptile | 0 (0) | 7 (7) | 0 | 0.002# |
*Salmonella Newport–multidrug-resistant AmpC (MDRAmpC) is resistant to at least chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefoxitin, ceftiofur, and cephalothin and shows decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone. Table includes case-patients with Newport-MDRAmpC and pansusceptible infections only. UD, undefined. †A specific exposure period was not assessed except for travel. Other exposures reported for case-patients included eating raw ground beef (1 MDRAmpC), eating raw cookie dough (1 MDRAmpC and 1 pansusceptible), preparing a raw chicken pet diet (1 pansusceptible), contact with an ill family member (1 MDRAmpC and 1 pansusceptible), and attending a pig roast (6 MDRAmpC and 1 pansusceptible). ‡At least MDRAmpC resistant. §Mantel-Haenszel χ2. ¶Exposure to farms and petting zoos was not explicitly assessed by the case reporting form. In all, 14 case-patients reported this exposure; all associated isolates were Newport-MDRAmpC. #Fisher exact test.