Oxidative burst ROS accumulation in Mtwt, Mtvector, and MtROP9i root fragments after different treatments. A, Root fragments were treated with A. euteiches (Ae) zoospores, G. intraradices (Gi) spores, or water representing the negative control. B, Root fragments were treated with S. meliloti (Sm) bacterial suspension, S. meliloti
NF, or dilution buffer as a negative control (X1-3 = means of Mtwt, Mtvector, and MtROP9i measurements). Production of H2O2 was determined utilizing the luminal-based chemiluminesence assay. Asterisks indicate levels of significance by Student’s t test on the five most significant peak values evaluated for Mtwt, MtROP9i, and Mtvector as considered in clamps: *** P < 0.001, ** P < 0.01.