Table I.
Clinical characteristics of study participants - phenotypic analyses (DO group, n=9; No DO group, n=21).
| N (Subjects) DO / no DO |
Mean±SD DO / no DO |
p-Value (Two-Sample t-Test) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 9 / 20 | 76.9±6.4 / 70.2±7.3 | 0.026 | |
| UI (#incontinent episodes/24h) | 9 / 20 | 3.6±1.9 / 2.4±1.4 | 0.079 | |
| Chronic conditions | 9 / 20 | 2.8±0.8 / 2.3±1.5 | 0.422 | |
| MMSE (0–30) | 9 / 20 | 29.1±1.4 / 29.3±0.9 | 0.664 | |
| History of depression (%) | 9 / 20 | 33 / 30 | 0.864 | |
| Psychological burden (24–120) | 9 / 19 | 66.8±12.9 / 84.5±18.4 | 0.015 | |
|
N (Subjects) DO / no DO |
Volume (mL) [Mean±SD] |
Mean Volume Difference (mL) |
p-Value (Two Sample t-Test) |
|
| Urodynamic Findings | ||||
| First Sensation of filling | 7 / 16 | 179±123 / 194±145 | 15 | 0.40 |
| First Desire to void | 8 / 21 | 262±125 / 322±151 | 60 | 0.15 |
| Strong Desire/urgency | 8 / 21 | 302±117 / 429±203 | 128 | 0.023 |
| Maximum Capacity | 8 / 21 | 444±186 / 593±198 | 150 | 0.040 |
| “Warning” | 7 / 17 | 254±174 / 457±130 | 203 | 0.011 |
| (Max Capacity - First Sensation) | ||||
|
N (Subjects) DO / no DO |
DO [Mean*] |
No DO [Mean*] |
p-Value (Two-Sample t-Test) |
|
| Functional Brain Imaging | ||||
| Global WMH | 9 / 21 | 0.004448 | 0.001465 | 0.02 |
| ATR (left side) | 9 / 21 | 0.000677 | 0.000292 | 0.14 |
| ATR (right side) | 9 / 21 | 0.001425 | 0.000538 | 0.05 |
| SLFB (left side) | 9 / 21 | 0.000229 | 0.000100 | 0.43 |
| SLFB (right side) | 9 / 21 | 0.000147 | 0.000120 | 0.85 |
*
ratio calculated by dividing volume of white matter changes by subjects’ brain volume
Abbreviations: DO=subjects with elicitable DO in the scanner; no DO=subjects without DO in the scanner; UI=urge incontinence; MMSE=Mini Mental State Exam; Psychological burden=Urge Impact Scale (24–120)17 (smaller value = more burden); WMH=white matter hyperintensities; ATR=anterior thalamic radiation; SLFB=superior longitudinal fasciculus (entire pathway).