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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Sleep Res. 2012 Mar 14;21(5):535–545. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2012.01007.x

Table 1.

Characteristics of participants

Controls Women with severe
PMS
Sample size 18 18
Age (years) 29.2 (7.3) 30.5 (7.6)
Body mass index (kg.m−2) 22.5 (2.1) 23.7 (3.8)
Ethnicity (No. Caucasians) 9 13
Have children (No.) 5 7
Years of education 16 (2) 16 (2)
Menstrual cycle length (days) 28 (2) 29 (3)
Menarche (age) 12 (1) 12 (1)
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (No.)1 0 11
Past history Axis I disorder (No.) 0 7c
Daily Symptom Ratings (Follicular phase)2 7.2 (8.2) 48.7 (21.9)a
Daily Symptom Ratings (Late-luteal phase)2 11.5 (10.4) 136.4 (38.8)a,b

Subject groups did not differ on any characteristic except past history of Axis I disorder and daily symptom scores. Values are means (SD) unless otherwise indicated.

1

According to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria;

2

daily symptom scores are averaged for the follicular and late-luteal phases over two menstrual cycles; higher scores reflect more severe symptoms.

a

different from controls (ANOVA, group effect: F(1,32) = 167.7, p < 0.01);

b

different from follicular phase (ANOVA, interaction effect: F(1,32) = 67.8, p < 0.01, n = 16 controls);

c

Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.008.

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