Table 2. Clinical and epidemiologic characteristics for 6 Bordetella holmesii–infected patients during pertussis outbreak, Japan, September 2010–April 2011*.

Patient no.	Whoop	Duration of cough	Treatment	DTP vaccine status, no. doses	Medical history	Epidemiologic findings
1	+	10 d	AZM	4	Asthma	Student at high school A. His 14-year-old sister, who was given a diagnosis of pertussis, was a student at junior high school B.
2	+	28 d	AZM	4	−–	Student at junior high school B. Her 18-year-old brother had similar symptoms, but laboratory test results were negative.
3	–	>4 wk	AZM	4	–	Student at junior high school B. Her close friends began coughing after her disease onset.
4	+	15 d	AZM	4	Chlamydial pneumonia	Student at junior high school B. Her 11-year-old sister was given a diagnosis of pertussis before her disease onset.
5	−–	28 d	AZM	UNK	Allergic rhinitis	Teacher at junior high school B in charge of patient 4.
6	–	23 d	AZM, CFPN-PI, GRNX	UNK	Rheumatoid arthritis	Medical staff at clinic C, which was visited by patients 1–5.

*All patients had a paroxysmal cough and coughed at night; none had posttussive vomiting. DTP, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis; +, positive; AZM, azithromycin; –, negative; UNK, unknown; CFPN-PI, cefcapene pivoxil; GRNX, garenoxacin.