Table 1. Characteristics of 1,362 hospitalized children with pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Malaysia, June 18, 2009–March 1, 2010.
| Characteristic | No. (%) children |
|---|---|
| Demographic | |
| Male sex | 762 (55.9) |
| Age group | |
| 0–6 mo | 152 (11.2) |
| 7–12 mo | 182 (13.4) |
| 13–23 mo | 202 (14.8) |
| 2–4 y | 325 (23.9) |
| 5–8 y | 298 (21.9) |
| 9–12 y | 203 (14.8) |
| Ethnic group | |
| Malay | 995 (73.1) |
| Chinese | 109 (8.0) |
| Indian | 83 (6.1) |
| Native East Malaysian* | 99 (7.3) |
| Indigenous native | 24 (1.8) |
| Other |
52 (3.8) |
| Clinical sign or symptom | |
| Fever | 1313 (96.4) |
| Cough | 1237 (90.8) |
| Runny nose | 794 (58.3) |
| Nausea | 346 (25.4) |
| Poor feeding | 310 (22.8) |
| Labored breathing | 293 (21.5) |
| Diarrhea | 177 (13.0) |
| Sore throat | 164 (12.0) |
| Seizure | 117 (8.6) |
| Fatigue | 94 (6.9) |
| Headache | 30 (2.2) |
| Abdominal pain | 30 (2.2) |
| Altered consciousness | 13 (1.0) |
| Vomiting |
6 (0.4) |
| Disease severity/treatment needed | |
| Admission to intensive care unit | 134 (9.8) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 101 (7.4) |
| Supplemental oxygen† | 317 (23.3) |
| Noninvasive ventilation‡ |
4 (0.3) |
| Complication | |
| Shock | 57 (4.2) |
| Acute respiratory distress syndrome | 41 (3.0) |
| Encephalitis/encephalopathy§ | 21 (1.5) |
| Myocarditis | 8 (0.6) |
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation | 7 (0.5) |
| Liver impairment | 32 (2.3) |
| Multiple organ failure | 12 (0.9) |
| Myoglobinuria | 1 (0.07) |
*Kadazan/Dusun, Melanau, Bajau, Bidayuh, Iban, Orang Ulu, Lundayeh, Kayan, Kedayan, Sabahan, Kadayan, Suluk, Tidung, Bisaya. †Oxygen delivered by nasal cannula, nasal prong, or face mask. ‡Mechanical ventilation that does not use an artificial airway such as endotracheal tube. §Inflammation of brain or degeneration of brain function.