Table 5: Existing Systematic Reviews on Caregiver-Dependent Techniques for Urinary Incontinence*.
| Systematic Review, Year | Intervention | Number of Studies Included in Review |
Results and Conclusions |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eustice et al., 2000 Updated in 2006 Cochrane review (25) |
Prompted voiding | 9 RCTs or quasi-randomized trials | Clear conclusions on effectiveness are difficult to make based on the limited evidence available; however, there is suggestive evidence of short-term benefit. Prompted voiding is resource-intensive, but size of resource implications is not clear |
Majority of study participants were women Majority of studies were conducted in nursing home setting, One study was conducted in homebound seniors with full-time caregiver |
| Ostaszkiewicz et al., 2004 Cochrane review (27) |
Habit retraining | 3 RCTs or quasi-randomized trials | Clear conclusions regarding the effectiveness are difficult to make based on the limited evidence available. | Small number of eligible studies Majority of study participants were women One study was conducted in a nursing home setting, Two studies were conducted in a community setting |
| Ostaszkiewicz et al., 2005 Cochrane review (28) |
Timed voiding | 2 RCTs | The quality of the studies was “modest” according to the authors, and did not permit them to confidently make conclusions regarding the effectiveness of timed voiding | Small number of eligible studies and old publication dates Both studies included older women predominantly with cognitive and physical impairments Both studies were conducted in nursing home setting |
| Fonda et al., 2006 Report by the International Continence Society (11) |
All caregiver-dependent techniques in frail seniors | Included the above-mentioned systematic reviews and any recent studies | Prompted voiding is effective for the short-term treatment of UI in nursing home residents and home-care clients if caregivers comply with intervention. Unable to determine the treatment effect of habit retraining Unable to determine the treatment effect of timed voiding |
Majority of studies were conducted in nursing home setting. |
*
RCT refers to randomized controlled trial.