Table A2: Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Asymptomatic Patients Presenting with Epilepsy.

Study Country N	Study Design Recruitment	Patient Population Participation Rate	% positive serology, biopsy IgA tTG IgG EMA	% positive small bowel biopsy
Antigoni et al. (47) (2007) Greece N=255 idiopathic epilepsy N= 280 controls Pediatric	• Study design Cross-sectional • Recruitment Cases: Patients being followed at the Neurology outpatient clinic. Controls: healthy children seen at the pediatric outpatient clinic for a routine evaluation	• Patient characteristics Cases Mean age: 7.9 (2-14) yrs Girls: 118 (46.3%) Controls Mean age: 7.5 (2-14) yrs Girls: 135 (48.2%) • Participation rate Not reported	• IgA tTG Epilepsy: 2 (0.8%) Controls: 0 • IgA EMA Epilepsy: 0 Controls: 0 p value not provided	• Small bowel biopsy 2/255 (0.8%) Controls: not done
Dalgic et al. (48) (2005) Turkey N = 170 idiopathic epilepsy N = 103 controls Children	• Study design Cross-sectional • Recruitment Cases: Children with idiopathic epilepsy Controls: healthy children seen at the pediatric outpatient clinic for a routine evaluation	• Patient characteristics Cases Mean age ± SD: 9.8 ± 4.6 yrs Girls: 75 (44.1%) Controls Mean age ± SD: 9.9 ± 3.6 yrs Girls: 105 (51.7%) • Participation rate Not reported	• IgA tTG Epilepsy: 8 (4.7%) Controls: 0 p .026	• Small bowel biopsy 2/170 (1.2%) Controls: not performed
Pratesi et al. (49) (2003) Brazil N = 255 epilepsy (119 children, 136 adults) N = 4,405 controls Adults and children	• Study design Cross-sectional • Recruitment Cases: Adults and children attending an epilepsy clinic clinic Controls: individuals attending the medical laboratory of the same hospital	• Patient characteristics Cases Mean age, children: 8.0 (1-14) yrs Mean age, adults: 30.3 (15-65) yrs Controls Not reported • Participation rate Not reported	• IgA EMA Children: 1/119 (0.8%) Adults: 1/136 (0.7%) Controls: 15/4405 (0.3%) NS	Not reported
Ranua et al. (50) (2005) Finland N=968 epilepsy (not only idiopathic) N=1,386 controls Adults	• Study design Cross-sectional • Recruitment Cases: Adults treated for epilepsy at the study hospital. Controls: age- and gender matched individuals from the general population	• Patient characteristics Cases Mean age ± SD: 46.4 ± 15.7 yrs Mean duration of epilepsy: 15.2 ± 11.9 yrs Female: 472 (48.8%) Controls: not reported • Participation rate 968 (70%)	• IgA EMA 15/853 (1.8%) Controls: 13/574 (2.3%) p=.5 • IgA tTG 20/853 (2.3%) Controls: 14/574 (2.4%) p 0.9	Not reported

EMA endomysial antibody; IgA immunoglobulin A; NR not reported; NS not statistically significant; SD standard deviation; tTG tissue transglutaminase; yr year