Executive Summary Table 1: Summary of Meta-Analyses of Studies Investigating the Effectiveness of Interventions on the Risk of Falls in Community-Dwelling Seniors^*.

Intervention	RR [95% CI]	GRADE
Exercise programs
1. Targeted programs
General population	0.81 [0.67–0.98]	Low
High-risk population	0.93 [0.82–1.06]	High
Short duration	0.91 [0.73–1.13]	High
Long duration	0.89 [0.79–1.01]	Moderate
2. Untargeted programs
General population	0.78 [0.66–0.91]	Moderate
High-risk population	0.89 [0.72–1.10]	Very low
Short duration	0.85 [0.71–1.01]	Low
Long duration	0.76 [0.64–0.91]	Moderate
3. Combined targeted vs. untargeted programs
General population	N/A	N/A
High-risk population	0.87 [0.57–1.34]	Moderate
Short duration	1.11 [0.73–1.70]	High
Long duration	0.73 [0.57–0.95]	High
Vision intervention
Assessment/referral	1.12 [0.82–1.53]	Moderate
Cataract surgery	1.11 [0.92–1.35]	Moderate
Environmental modifications
Low-risk population	1.03 [0.75–1.41]	High
High-risk population	0.66 [0.54–0.81]	High
General population	0.85 [0.75–0.97]	High
Drugs/Nutritional supplements
Vitamin D (men and women)	0.94 [0.77–1.14]	High
Vitamin D (women only)	0.55 [0.29–1.08]	Moderate
Vitamin D and calcium (men and women)	0.89 [0.74–1.07]	Moderate
Vitamin D and calcium (women only)	0.83 [0.73–0.95]	Moderate
Hormone replacement therapy	0.98 [0.80–1.20]	Low
Medication withdrawal	0.34 [0.16–0.74]†	Low
Gait-stabilizing device	0.43 [0.29–0.64]	Moderate
Multifactorial intervention
Geriatric screening (general population)	0.87 [0.69–1.10]	Very low
High-risk population	0.86 [0.75–0.98]	Low

^*CI refers to confidence interval; RR, relative risk.

^†Hazard ratio is reported, because RR was not available.