Table 4: Efficacy of physician advice to quit on abstinence from smoking at ≥6 months follow up.
| Intervention | No. of studies | RR abstinence from smoking at ≥6 months follow up (95% CI) | I2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Advice vs. Control (subgroups by intensity) | 26 trials, N=22,240 | 1.76 (1.58, 1.95) | 39% |
| 1. Minimal intervention* | 17 trials, N=13,724 | 1.66 (1.42, 1.94) | 31% |
| 2. Intensive intervention† | 11 trials, N=8516 | 1.84 (1.60, 2.13) | 50% |
| Intensive Advice vs. Minimal Advice | 15 trials, N=9775 | 1.37 (1.20, 1.56) | 32% |
| 1. Unselected populations | 10 trials, N=6002 | 1.20 (1.02, 1.43) | 0% |
| 2. High risk populations | 5 trials, N=3773 | 1.65 (1.35, 2.03) | 21% |
RCT refers to randomized controlled trial; I2 refers to test for heterogeneity
*
Defined as provision of advice (with or without a leaflet) during a single consultation lasting less than 20 min and one follow-up visit
†
Defined as an intervention which involved a greater time commitment than the initial consultation, the use of additional materials other than a leaflet, or more than one follow-up visit