Table 5: Efficacy of nursing interventions on abstinence from smoking at ≥6 months follow up.
| Comparison | Details | RR abstinence from smoking at ≥6 months follow up (95% CI) | I2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Advice vs. Control (subgroups by intensity) | 31 trials, N=15,205 | 1.28 (1.18, 1.38) | 54%* |
| 1. High intensity | 24 trials, N=11,189 | 1.28 (1.18, 1.39) | 59% |
| 2. Low intensity | 7 trials, N=4016 | 1.27 (0.99, 1.62) | 36% |
| Advice vs. control (subgroups by setting & population) | |||
| 1. Intervention as part of multifactorial intervention in patients with cardiovascular disease | 4 trials, N= 482 | 1.39 (1.17, 1.65) | 0% |
| 2. Intervention alone in hospitalized smokers with a cardiovascular disease | 7 trials, N= 2278 | 1.29 (1.14, 1.45) | 50% |
| 3. Intervention alone in other hospitalized smokers | 5 trials, N= 4401 | 1.04 (0.89, 1.22) | 0% |
| 4. Intervention alone in non-hospitalized smokers with a cardiovascular disease | 1 trials, N= 255 | 0.35 (0.20, 0.60)† | — |
| 5. Intervention alone in other non-hospitalized smokers | 14 trials, N= 7664 | 1.84 (1.49, 2.28) | 12% |
RR refers to relative risk; CI, confidence interval; I2 refers to test for heterogeneity
*
Subsequent analysis excluding three outlying trials lowered the I2 to 17% and produced an RR of 1.27 (1.18, 1.38)
†
Subgroup analysis showed that smokers who had undergone bypass surgery were more likely to quit and were over-represented in the control group