Skip to main content
. 2012 Jun 18;7(6):e39005. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039005

Table 1. The five decompositional stages defined in this study and their descriptions.

Decompositional stage Description Literature report
(1) Fresh From death until the first signs of bloating [1], [49], [52], [54]
Autolysis
(2) Bloated Putrefaction mechanism generates accumulation of breakdown gases causingbloating of the corpse. The first signs of the bloated stage appear in the abdomen.Then the whole body swells [1], [52], [54], [56]
Anaerobic fermentations
(3) Active decay Darkening of the skin [1], [52], [54], [56]
The skin is breaking up and the body began to deflate. Protein sources arebroken down into fatty acids and other decomposition products such as skatole,indole, cadaverine, putrescine
(4) Advanced decay Corpse dries and the remains are skin, cartilage, hair, bones and some fragmentsof flesh [52], [54], [56]
(5) Dry remains or skeletonisation The only remains are bones and hair [52], [54]
Diagenesis