Table 2.
Mean scores for the different instruments
| ToF + ICD (N = 26) | ToF (N = 28) | ICD (N = 35) | Normdata | Group effecta | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | IQR | Median | IQR | Median | IQR | Mean | SD | N | ToF + ICD vs. ToF (p value) | ToF + ICD vs. ICD (p value) | ToF + ICD vs. Norm (p value) | |
| SF-36 | ||||||||||||
| Physical functioning | 82.5 | [58.8–91.3] | 95.0 | [76.3–100] | 60.0 | [40.0–75.0] | 93.1 | 11.7 | 1,742 | 0.01 | 0.01 | <0.01 |
| Social functioning | 87.5 | [62.5–100] | 100.0 | [75.0–100] | 87.5 | [62.5–100] | 91.2 | 15.9 | 1,742 | 0.1 | 0.7 | <0.001 |
| Role limitations due to physical functioning | 75.0 | [25.0–100] | 100.0 | [50.0–100] | 50.0 | [0.0–100] | 89.5 | 24.1 | 1,742 | 0.1 | 0.2 | <0.01 |
| Role limitations due to emotional functioning | 100.0 | [66.7–100] | 100.0 | [75.0–100] | 100.0 | [66.7–100] | 88.9 | 26.1 | 1,742 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.2 |
| General mental health | 72.0 | [55.0–85.0] | 80.0 | [68.0–91.0] | 84.0 | [72.0–92.0] | 81.5 | 14.1 | 1,742 | 0.2 | 0.1 | <0.01 |
| Vitality | 60.0 | [45.0–75.0] | 75.0 | [50.0–83.8] | 65.0 | [50.0–75.0] | 75.1 | 15.4 | 1,742 | 0.1 | 0.8 | <0.001 |
| Bodily pain | 82.0 | [61.5–100] | 100.0 | [74.0–100] | 84.0 | [72.0–100] | 84.3 | 17.3 | 1,742 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| General health perceptions | 52.0 | [38.8–62.0] | 69.5 | [52.0–82.0] | 55.0 | [42.0–67.0] | 80 | 14.5 | 1,742 | <0.01 | 0.5 | <0.001 |
| SWLS | 24.0 | [13.5–29.0] | 28.0 | [21.3–31.0] | 28.0 | [22.0–30.0] | 25.5 | 5 | 109 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
| LAS | 70.0 | [68.0–77.8] | 80.0 | [70.0–86.5] | 70.0 | [60.0–75.0] | 75.4 | 9 | 110 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
| HADS | ||||||||||||
| Anxiety | 6.0 | [2.0–9.0] | 4.0 | [3.0–6.0] | 2.0 | [1.0–5.0] | 5.1 | 3.6 | 199 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.4 |
| Depression | 2.0 | [1.0–3.0] | 1.5 | [0.0–4.0] | 3.0 | [2.0–6.0] | 3.4 | 3.3 | 199 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.4 |
| UCL | ||||||||||||
| Active problem solving | 18.0 | [14.8–21.0] | 19.0 | [17.0–21.8] | 17.0 | [15.0–20.0] | 18.6 | 4 | 2,205 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 0.2 |
| Palliative reactions | 17.5 | [15.0–20.0] | 16.5 | [14.0–20.0] | 15.0 | [12.0–18.0] | 16.1 | 4.4 | 2,205 | 0.3 | <0.01 | 0.03 |
| Avoiding/waiting | 15.5 | [13.0–17.0] | 16.5 | [14.3–18.0] | 16.0 | [13.0–19.0] | 14.9 | 4.2 | 2,205 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.4 |
| Seeking social support | 14.5 | [11.8–17.0] | 14.5 | [13.0–17.0] | 11.0 | [8.0–13.0] | 12.3 | 3.6 | 2,205 | 0.8 | <0.0001 | <0.01 |
| Passive reaction pattern | 10.0 | [9.0–15.3] | 10.5 | [8.3–12.8] | 9.0 | [9.0–11.0] | 10.8 | 3.7 | 2,205 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Expression of emotions | 6.5 | [5.0–8.0] | 6.0 | [6.0–8.0] | 5.0 | [4.0–6.0] | 6.3 | 1.9 | 2,205 | 0.8 | 0.01 | 0.3 |
| Reassuring thoughts | 12.0 | [10.0–14.0] | 11.5 | [10.0–13.0] | 11.0 | [9.0–13.0] | 11.8 | 2.9 | 2,205 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.7 |
| IDAS | ||||||||||||
| Anxiety/fear | 21.0 | [18.0–29.5] | – | – | 19.0 | [14.0–24.0] | – | – | – | – | 0.1 | – |
| Attitude | 9.0 | [7.0–12.5] | – | – | 9.0 | [6.0–10.0] | – | – | – | – | 0.2 | – |
| Preparation | 8.0 | [6.8–10.3] | – | – | 7.0 | [6.0–11.0] | – | – | – | – | 0.5 | – |
| Bodily awareness | 6.0 | [4.0–8.0] | – | – | 5.0 | [4.0–7.0] | – | – | – | – | 0.2 | – |
| PSSS12 | ||||||||||||
| Significant others | 28.0 | [23.8–28.0] | 28.0 | [22.0–28.0] | 26.0 | [19.0–28.0] | – | – | – | 0.6 | 0.1 | – |
| Family support | 24.5 | [18.8–27.3] | 23.5 | [17.3–25.0] | 22.0 | [16.0–27.0] | – | – | – | 0.4 | 0.2 | – |
| Friends support | 21.5 | [17.8–25.3] | 24.0 | [20.0–25.8] | 19.0 | [16.0–24.0] | – | – | – | 0.3 | 0.4 | – |
| Total score | 73.5 | [62.5–79.0] | 69.5 | [65.3–76.0] | 65.0 | [50.0–78.0] | – | – | – | 0.7 | 0.2 | – |
ToF + ICD, patients with Tetralogy of Fallot with an ICD
ToF, patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (without an ICD)
ICD, patients with ICD (without congenital heart disease)
IQR interquantile range, SF-36 short-form 36, SWLS Satisfaction with Life Scale, LAS Linear Analogue Scale, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, UCL Utrecht Coping List, IDAS Implanted Devices Adjustment Scale
aGroup effect: indicates difference between mean ranks between groups, as calculated by a Mann–Whitney U test
The bold numbers in the text indicate significant results