A. Degradation of FITC-labelled casein (100 nM) by E. coli ClpA/ClpP, ClpP/ADEP or ClpP only.
B. Degradation of casein by the indicated E. coli (A–C) and B. subtilis (D) components was monitored by SDS–PAGE. (B) 1 µM casein,
C, D. 20 µM casein. A protein standard is given. The positioning of casein and the respective proteins is indicated. E.c. indicates from E. coli and B.s. indicates from B. subtilis. Casein degradation products of intermediate size are labelled with ‘*’.