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. 2009 Jun;1(3):152–165. doi: 10.1002/emmm.200900024

Figure 6. PINK1 in calcium signalling.

Figure 6

PINK1 directly regulates calcium efflux from mitochondria via the mitochondrial sodium/calcium exchanger. The resulting mitochondrial overload stimulates ROS production. The increase in ROS inhibits the glucose transporter and reduces the substrate supply to the respiratory chain. The combined calcium and ROS increase lowers the mitochondrial membrane potential and results in opening of the mitochondrial PTP pore at a lower stimulus. Opening of the mPTP releases pro-apoptotic factors such as cytochrome c from the mitochondria and induces apoptosis.