Fig. 3.

Stable and unstable spiral waves in a computer simulation of the FMG mathematical model. A: initiation of a spiral wave with transient breakup that results in a stable spiral wave. The spiral ultimately follows a complex hypermeandering trajectory. B: sustained spiral wave breakup initiated following tissue preconditioning by pacing at 300 ms for 30 s. C: sustained spiral wave breakup initiated following tissue preconditioning at 220 ms for 30 s, resulting in more waves with shorter wavelengths. The domain in all cases is 30 cm × 30 cm, and the spatial resolution is 0.0125 cm.