Table 1.
The main neglected tropical diseases for which there are single dose treatments available for disease control.
| Group | Generic name or disease | Species | Geographical distribution |
Vector or intermediate host | Main drugs available to treat infections | Control measures |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nematode | Large roundworm | Ascaris lumbricoides | Worldwide | None, as all species are directly soil-transmitted |
Albendazole Mebendazole Oxantel/pyrantel |
Sanitation, personal hygiene |
| Whipworm | Trichuris trichiura | |||||
| Hookworm | Ancylostoma duodenale | Worldwide | Sanitation, wearing shoes |
|||
| Hookworm | Necator americanus | |||||
| Nematode | Lymphatic filariasis | Wuchereria bancrofti | Worldwide | Mosquitoes | DEC or Ivermectin + Albendazole |
Mosquito control |
| Lymphatic filariasis | Brugia malayi | South Asia | ||||
| Nematode | River blindness | Onchocerca volvulus | Africa, South America | Black flies | Ivermectin | Black fly control |
| Trematode | Urinary schistosomiasis | Schistosoma haematobium | Africa | Fresh-water snails | Praziquantel | Snail control, sanitation and behavior change |
| Intestinal schistosomiasis |
Schistosoma mansoni | Africa, South America | ||||
| Intestinal schistosomiasis |
Schistosoma japonicum | Asia | ||||
| Bacterium | Trachoma | Chlamydia trachomatis | Worldwide | Fliesa | Azithromycin or Tetracycline | Fly control, personal hygiene |
aNo developmental stage, transmission is passive.