Table 3.
Total Annual Medical Expenditures, MEPS 2006 (Model 2 & 3)
| Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part 1, N = 14,967 | Part 2, N = 13,081 | Part 1, N = 13,413 | Part 2, N = 11,804 | |||||||||
| Probability of use | Amount of $ spent | Probability of use | Amount of $ spent | |||||||||
| Key explanatory variables | OR | 95% CI | Coef | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | Coef | 95% CI | ||||
| Obese II/III, black vs. white (ref) | 0.68 | (0.45 | 1.02) | -0.17 | (-0.43 | 0.10) | 0.70 | (0.45 | 1.09) | -0.14 | (-0.41 | 0.12) |
| Obese I, black vs. white (ref) | 0.57 | (0.40 | 0.81) | -0.25 | (-0.46 | -0.05) | 0.55 | (0.38 | 0.80) | -0.30 | (-0.51 | -0.10) |
| Overweight, black vs. white (ref) | 0.53 | (0.42 | 0.67) | -0.02 | (-0.19 | 0.16) | 0.54 | (0.42 | 0.70) | -0.02 | (-0.20 | 0.16) |
| Normal weight black vs. white (ref) | 0.42 | (0.33 | 0.53) | -0.07 | (-0.30 | 0.17) | 0.41 | (0.32 | 0.53) | -0.03 | (-0.27 | 0.21) |
| Demographics & SES & Insurance (omitted) | ||||||||||||
| Health conditions | ||||||||||||
| Perceived poor/fair physical health | 1.76 | (1.35 | 2.28) | 0.65 | (0.54 | 0.75) | 1.60 | (1.22 | 2.12) | 0.66 | (0.54 | 0.77) |
| Perceived poor/fair mental health | 1.84 | (1.34 | 2.53) | 0.25 | (0.10 | 0.39) | 1.82 | (1.30 | 2.54) | 0.19 | (0.04 | 0.34) |
| Smokers | 1.08 | (1.04 | 1.12) | 0.03 | (0.01 | 0.05) | 1.04 | (0.98 | 1.09) | 0.03 | (0.01 | 0.05) |
| Diabetes | 8.13 | (3.61 | 18.34) | 0.36 | (0.25 | 0.46) | 7.77 | (3.24 | 18.62) | 0.34 | (0.23 | 0.44) |
| Asthma | 2.26 | (1.72 | 2.97) | 0.19 | (0.09 | 0.29) | 2.14 | (1.61 | 2.85) | 0.16 | (0.06 | 0.26) |
| Hypertension | 4.28 | (3.29 | 5.58) | 0.25 | (0.16 | 0.34) | 3.92 | (2.96 | 5.20) | 0.24 | (0.16 | 0.33) |
| High Cholesterol | 2.97 | (2.25 | 3.93) | 0.15 | (0.07 | 0.23) | 3.11 | (2.30 | 4.21) | 0.15 | (0.07 | 0.23) |
| Heart diseases | 2.18 | (1.46 | 3.28) | 0.48 | (0.39 | 0.57) | 1.78 | (1.17 | 2.71) | 0.47 | (0.37 | 0.56) |
| Attitudes toward health care & insurance | ||||||||||||
| Don't need health insurance | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.74 | (0.59 | 0.92) | -0.31 | (-0.48 | -0.13) |
| Health insurance not worth the cost | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.92 | (0.78 | 1.09) | -0.17 | (-0.26 | -0.08) |
| More likely to take risk | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.07 | (0.91 | 1.27) | 0.09 | (-0.01 | 0.19) |
| Can overcome illness without medical care | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.75 | (0.63 | 0.89) | -0.17 | (-0.27 | -0.07) |
The white reference group for each category is at the same body weight (e.g., black obese II/III compared to white obese II/III). In the part 1 of the model, we predicted the probability of incurring any expenditures; in the part 2 of the model, we predicted the amount spent on medical care, among those who actually had a positive spending. The demographic, socioeconomic and insurance variables are controlled but omitted from the tables due to space limit