Table 3.

Characteristics Associated with Depressive Symptoms

Characteristic	Model 1 *		Model 2 **
	aOR (95% CI)	p-value	aOR (95% CI)	p-value
Age (per 1 yr)	0.98 (0.97- 0.98)	<0.001	0.98 (0.97- 0.98)	<0.001
Sex
Male	1.00 (reference)		1.00 (reference)
Female	1.39 (1.18- 1.63)	<0.001	1.22 (1.03- 1.44)	0.02
Racial/Ethnic Group
Non-Hispanic White	1.00 (reference)		1.00 (reference)
Non-Hispanic Black	1.18 (0.98- 1.43)	0.08	1.43 (1.17- 1.74)	<0.001
Hispanic	1.44 (0.98- 2.12)	0.06	1.65 (1.12- 2.45)	0.01
Other	1.20 (0.78- 1.86)	0.4	1.38 (0.89- 2.16)	0.2
Educational attainment
Less than HS Diploma	1.00 (reference)		1.00 (reference)
Some College or Vocational Training	0.70 (0.57- 0.86)	<0.001	0.73 (0.59- 0.90)	0.003
College Graduate	0.50 (0.39- 0.65)	<0.001	0.52 (0.40- 0.68)	<0.001
Hypertension	1.19 (0.92- 1.54)	0.2	1.23 (0.95- 1.61)	0.1
High cholesterol	1.06 (0.85- 1.32)	0.6	1.03 (0.82- 1.29)	0.8
Chronic heart failure	1.10 (0.85- 1.43)	0.5	1.09 (0.84- 1.43)	0.5
MI or coronary revascularization	1.37 (1.12- 1.67)	0.002	1.35 (1.10- 1.66)	0.004
Peripheral arterial disease	1.29 (0.96- 1.73)	0.09	1.22 (0.91- 1.65)	0.2
Diabetes	1.17 (0.99- 1.39)	0.06	1.14 (0.96- 1.35)	0.1
Obesity1	1.16 (0.99- 1.37)	0.07	1.15 (0.97- 1.35)	0.1
eGFR (per 10 ml/min/1.73m2 decrease)	1.08 (1.02- 1.15)	0.01	1.09 (1.03- 1.16)	0.006
ln(urine albumin + 1)2	1.02 (0.87- 1.20)	0.8	1.07 (0.90- 1.26)	0.4
Antidepressant medication use	-	-	3.44 (2.84- 4.17)	<0.001

Depressive symptoms defined as BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) score ≥ 11

^*all covariates in adjusted model as listed above

^**adjusted for covariates in model 1 + antidepressant medication use

¹BMI >= 30 kg/m²

²natural log of 24 hr urine albumin

BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; HS, high school; MI, myocardial infarction; aOR, adjustesd odds ratio;